Windows XP Run Commands (DOS)

99 Commands the Windows XP Command prompt can run.

Here is a list of commands that you can run off from the Run Command prompt in XP:

Go to Start Menu > Run… and type in the command to run

Application = Command

Accessibility Controls = access.cpl
Add Hardware Wizard = hdwwiz.cpl
Add/Remove Programs = appwiz.cpl
Administrative Tools = control admintools
Automatic Updates = wuaucpl.cpl
Bluetooth Transfer Wizard = fsquirt
Calculator = calc
Certificate Manager = certmgr.msc
Character Map = charmap
Check Disk Utility = chkdsk
Clipboard Viewer = clipbrd
Command Prompt = cmd
Component Services = dcomcnfg
Computer Management = compmgmt.msc
Date and Time Properties = timedate.cpl
DDE Shares = ddeshare
Device Manager = devmgmt.msc
Direct X Control Panel (If Installed)* = directx.cpl
Direct X Troubleshooter = dxdiag
Disk Cleanup Utility = cleanmgr
Disk Defragment = dfrg.msc
Disk Management = diskmgmt.msc
Disk Partition Manager = diskpart
Display Properties = control desktop/desk.cpl
Dr. Watson System Troubleshooting Utility = drwtsn32
Driver Verifier Utility = verifier
Event Viewer = eventvwr.msc
File Signature Verification Tool = sigverif
Findfast = findfast.cpl
Folders Properties = control folders
Fonts = control fonts
Fonts Folder = fonts
Free Cell Card Game = freecell
Game Controllers = joy.cpl
Group Policy Editor (XP Prof) = gpedit.msc
Hearts Card Game = mshearts
Iexpress Wizard = iexpress
Indexing Service = ciadv.msc
Internet Properties = inetcpl.cpl
IP Configuration = ipconfig
Java Control Panel (If Installed) = jpicpl32.cpl
Java Application Cache Viewer (If Installed) = javaws
Keyboard Properties = control keyboard
Local Security Settings = secpol.msc
Local Users and Groups = lusrmgr.msc
Logs You Out Of Windows = logoff
Microsoft Chat = winchat
Minesweeper Game = winmine
Mouse Properties = control mouse
Mouse Properties = main.cpl
Network Connections = control netconnections
Network Connections = ncpa.cpl
Network Setup Wizard = netsetup.cpl
Notepad = notepad
Nview Desktop Manager (If Installed) = nvtuicpl.cpl
Object Packager = packager
ODBC Data Source Administrator = odbccp32.cpl
On Screen Keyboard = osk
Opens AC3 Filter (If Installed) = ac3filter.cpl
Password Properties = password.cpl
Performance Monitor = perfmon.msc
Performance Monitor = perfmon
Phone and Modem Options = telephon.cpl
Power Configuration = powercfg.cpl
Printers and Faxes = control printers
Printers Folder = printers
Private Character Editor = eudcedit
Quicktime (If Installed) = QuickTime.cpl
Regional Settings = intl.cpl
Registry Editor = regedit
Registry Editor = regedit32
Remote Desktop = mstsc
Removable Storage = ntmsmgr.msc
Removable Storage Operator Requests = ntmsoprq.msc
Resultant Set of Policy (XP Prof) = rsop.msc
Scanners and Cameras = sticpl.cpl
Scheduled Tasks = control schedtasks
Security Center = wscui.cpl
Services = services.msc
Shared Folders = fsmgmt.msc
Shuts Down Windows = shutdown
Sounds and Audio = mmsys.cpl
Spider Solitare Card Game = spider
SQL Client Configuration = cliconfg
System Configuration Editor = sysedit
System Configuration Utility = msconfig
System File Checker Utility = sfc
System Properties = sysdm.cpl
Task Manager = taskmgr
Telnet Client = telnet
User Account Management = nusrmgr.cpl
Utility Manager = utilman
Windows Firewall = firewall.cpl
Windows Magnifier = magnify
Windows Management Infrastructure = wmimgmt.msc
Windows System Security Tool = syskey
Windows Update Launches = wupdmgr
Windows XP Tour Wizard = tourstart
Wordpad = write

Computer science resources for academics

Google has a long history of involvement with universities, and we're excited to share some recent news on that front with you. At the main Google campus this week we're hosting the Google Faculty Summit, which involves universities all over participating in discussions about what we're up to in research-land as well as computer science education - something very near and dear to us.

Meanwhile, because we know that between teaching, doing research and advising students, computer science educators are quite strapped for time, we've recently launched a site called Google Code for Educators. While you may have previously heard about our offerings for K-12 teachers, this new program is focused on CS topics at the university level, and lets us share the knowledge we've built up around things like distributed systems and AJAX programming. It's designed for university faculty to learn about new computer science topics and include them in their courses, as well as to help curious students learn on their own.

Right now, Google Code for Educators offers materials for AJAX web programming, distributed systems and parallel programming, and web security. The site includes slides, programming labs, problem sets, background tutorials and videos. We're eager to provide more content areas and also more iterations for existing topic areas. To allow for liberal reuse and remixing, most sample course content on Code EDU is available under a Creative Commons license. Please let us know your thoughts on this new site.

Beyond CS education, another important faculty topic is research. Google Research offers resources to CS researchers,including papers authored by Googlers and a wide variety of our tech talks. You might be interested in learning more about MapReduce and the Google File System, two pieces of Google-grown technology that have allowed us to operate at enormous scale. We also recently put together a few university research programs and we're eager to see what academics come up with.

Computer Maintenance

You may not realize it, but your computer and your car have something in common: they both need regular maintenance. No, you don't need to change your computer's oil. But you should be updating your software, keeping your antivirus subscription up to date, and checking for spyware. Read on to learn what you can do to help improve your computer's security.

Getting started

Here are some basics maintenance tasks you can do today to start improving your computer's security. Be sure you make these part of your ongoing maintenance as well.

* Sign up for software update e-mail notices. Many software companies will send you e-mail whenever a software update is available. This is particularly important for your operating system, your antivirus program, and your firewall.

* Register your software. If you still have registration forms for existing software, send them in. And be sure to register new software in the future. This is another way for the software manufacturer to alert you when new updates are available.

* Install software updates immediately.

When you get an update notice, download the update immediately and install it. (Remember, downloading and installing are two separate tasks.)

An ounce of prevention

A few simple steps will help you keep your files safe and clean.

* Step 1: Update your software

* Step 2: Backup your files

* Step 3: Use antivirus software and keep it updated

* Step 4: Change your passwords

Developing ongoing maintenance practices

Now that you've done some ground work, it's time to start moving into longer term maintenance tasks. These are all tasks that you should do today (or as soon as possible) to get started. But for best results, make these a part of a regular maintenance schedule. We recommend setting aside time each week to help keep your computer secure.

* Back up your files. Backing up your files simply means creating a copy of your computer files that you can use in the event the originals are lost. (Accidents can happen.) To learn more read our tips for backing up information.

* Scan your files with up to date antivirus software. Use your antivirus scan tool regularly to search for potential computer viruses and worms. Also, check your antivirus program's user manual to see if you can schedule an automatic scan of your computer. To learn more, read our tips for reducing your virus risk

* Change your passwords. Using the same password increases the odds that someone else will discover it. Change all of your passwords regularly (we recommend monthly) to reduce your risk. Also, choose your passwords carefully. To learn more, read our tips for creating stronger passwords

Making a schedule

One of the best ways to help protect your computer is to perform maintenance regularly. To help you keep track, we suggest making a regular "appointment" with your computer. Treat it like you would any other appointment. Record it in your date book or online calendar, and if you cannot make it, reschedule. Remember, you are not only helping to improve your computer, you are also helping to protect your personal information.

EU Examining Google-DoubleClick Bid

BRUSSELS, Belgium (AP) — The European Commission said Monday it would take until Nov. 13 to examine Google Inc.'s $3.1 billion bid for online ad tracker DoubleClick to review proposals by the world's largest search engine meant to eliminate antitrust concerns.

Google lawyer Julia Holtz said the California company had committed to keep certain DoubleClick business practices unchanged. She did not give details.

"We believe that the deal is good for publishers, advertisers, and users — and we trust that the Commission will reach the same conclusion and clear the transaction," she said. "Today's advertising market is highly competitive and innovative, and it is evolving very quickly."

The Nov. 13 deadline is for the EU to clear the deal or decide to open an in-depth probe that can take up to four months.

Rivals Yahoo Inc. and Microsoft Corp. say the deal will damage fair competition in the growing Internet advertising market.

New York-based DoubleClick helps its customers place and track online advertising, including search ads, which Google — more than its nearest search competitors Yahoo and Microsoft Corp. — has turned into an extremely lucrative business.

It places ads on Web pages that targeted consumers are likely to use, generating money for smaller publishers and lesser-visited pages.

Yahoo's head of European public policy, Andrew Cecil, said last week that combining the two companies would strengthen Google's dominant position in Europe and damage the online ad landscape.

"The end result will be higher prices for Internet publishers and advertisers and less choice for European consumers," he said.

Microsoft general counsel Brad Smith told a U.S. Senate hearing last month that the deal should be blocked because it would enable Google to "become the overwhelmingly dominant pipeline for all forms of online advertising" with "sole control over the largest database of user information the world has ever known."

Microsoft tried to acquire DoubleClick itself, but lost out to Google in April.

Consumer advocates have also raised privacy concerns, but EU antitrust regulators have hinted that they do not plan to examine these in detail.

David Drummond, chief legal officer at Google, told the U.S. Senate that the acquisition will not hurt competition because the online search leader doesn't compete directly with DoubleClick.

Unlike Google, DoubleClick does not sell advertising, but instead provides technology and services to companies seeking to place display ads online, Drummond said, citing other deals as proof that competition in the Internet ad market is robust.

Microsoft agreed earlier this year to pay $6 billion for Seattle-based online advertising firm aQuantive Inc. and Yahoo Inc. bought Right Media Inc. for $680 million.

MSI installation package

A currently popular format for Microsoft Windows is the MSI installation package, which is installed by Windows Installer. Companies making tools for creating installers for Windows include Install Shield, Macro vision’s Install Anywhere, Wise, Setup Builder and Script Logic Corporation (Formerly MaSaI Solutions). Most of these tools can create MSI packages as well as their own proprietary executables.

Free alternatives include NSIS, Click team Install Creator and Inno Setup, and a tool from Microsoft called WiX . Bit Rock has a multiplatform tool, called Install Builder, that creates installers for Windows, Mac OS X , Linux and many others and is free for open source projects. Java projects will also be interested in the open source IzPack installer which allows to generate cross-platform installers.

Mac OS X has an application called Installer bundled with it. However, this is not technically an installer (see table above), but a Package Manager. Some commercial applications for Mac OS X use a custom installer, often Installer VISE or Stuffit InstallerMaker. Applications that do not need to install additional system components can be installed by moving the application files to a desired location on a hard drive; this is known as "drag-and-drop installation" and no installer software is needed. Mac OS X also includes a separate software updating application, Software Update (also known by its shell command, "software update") but only supports Apple and system software.

An installation program on a CD is often designed to run automatically when inserted into the optical disc drive.

As a compromise between the Windows installer concept and the package management systems of UNIX-like systems, Windows installation management systems exist. Many of these form a part of a systems management software (and in some cases open source) alternatives exist.

Uninstall - removing the program and most of its belonging's from your system.

HARDWARE

1 HARDWARE: “WHAT DO I NEED TO KNOW TO BUY A COMPUTER?”

What is a computer? I guess the easiest way I can explain it is as a little machine that

follows very specific instructions over and over. A computer cannot learn and, unless

told to do so, won’t respond to anything. Think of it as a very dumb dog that you have to

teach to catch a ball every day and every time you want to play.1

Computers do very complex math. Mind you, it is always related to the basics: add,

subtract, multiply and divide. But as anyone who has had algebra and calculus will tell

you: if you do enough of these basics, you can get approximations of more sophisticated

math that are pretty close to reality. Computers do this math very quickly. Often these

calculations are done in millions per second. Imagine multiplying 10 million pairs of

multi-digit numbers per second. I have a hard enough time myself doing a 3-digit

multiplication in less than a minute.

Computers can store a vast amount of information and retrieve it at extraordinary speeds.

When everything works correctly, this data is as fresh and unblemished by time as when

it was first stored. It can record information about everything (given it has sufficient

storage capacity). While this may not seem to be a great achievement, think about this:

when you last went to the store, how much did you pay for each item you bought?

Computers can store this kind of information a lot better than we can recall it. Also, one

of those CD-ROMs that we see so frequently can store the entire Encyclopedia Brittanica

along with photos. (Please note that if you buy their CD-ROM set, it has more than just

text and photos. So, the set has several CD-ROMs.)

What have computers done for us? Consider the following:

1. Made the world incredibly smaller by facilitating communications.

2. Advanced science and medical discovery more in 10 years than in centuries of

history.

3. Designed cars, roads, cities, clothing, etc.

4. Tested transportation long before the prototypes ever left their studios.

5. Exploded our imaginations with color and virtual reality.

6. Controlled our market-place and caused the “Black Monday” crash.

7. Hinted that a passenger aircraft over Saudi Arabia was an enemy and

recommended firing on it.

8. Opened freedom of speech to areas all over the world via the Internet.

9. Abetted fraud, laundering and gambling.

Software

Software is a general term for the various kinds of programs used to operate computers and related devices. (The term hardware describes the physical aspects of computers and related devices.)
Software can be thought of as the variable part of a computer and hardware the invariable part. Software is often divided into application software (programs that do work users are directly interested in) and system software (which includes operating systems and any program that supports application software). The term middleware is sometimes used to describe programming that mediates between application and system software or between two different kinds of application software (for example, sending a remote work request from an application in a computer that has one kind of operating system to an application in a computer with a different operating system).
An additional and difficult-to-classify category of software is the utility, which is a small useful program with limited capability. Some utilities come with operating systems. Like applications, utilities tend to be separately installable and capable of being used independently from the rest of the operating system.
applets are small applications that sometimes come with the operating system as "accessories." They can also be created independently using the Java or other programming languages.
Software can be purchased or acquired as shareware (usually intended for sale after a trial period), liteware (shareware with some capabilities disabled), freeware (free software but with copyright restrictions), public domain software (free with no restrictions), and open source (software where the source code is furnished and users agree not to limit the distribution of improvements).
Software is often packaged on CD-ROMs and diskettes. Today, much purchased software, shareware, and freeware is downloaded over the Internet. A new trend is software that is made available for use at another site known as an application service provider.
Some general kinds of application software include:
Productivity software, which includes word processors, spreadsheets, and tools for use by most computer users
Presentation software
Graphics software for graphic designers
CAD/CAM software
Specialized scientific applications
vertical market or industry-specific software (for example, for banking, insurance, retail, and manufacturing environments)
Firmware or microcode is programming that is loaded into a special area on a microprocessor or read-only memory on a one-time or infrequent basis so that thereafter it seems to be part of the hardware.